Electronics
Learn the key concepts of Electronics for A/L Physics, explained simply · Aligned with the NIE syllabus
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Grade 2 · Term 5
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Learn the key concepts of Electronics for A/L Physics, explained simply
About A/L Physics: The A/L Physics syllabus is structured across two academic years, covering fundamental and advanced topics in mechanics, waves, electricity, and modern physics. Every topic on Idasara Academy is mapped directly to the NIE curriculum.
Operational Amplifier (Op‑Amp)
A high‑gain DC-coupled differential voltage amplifier with two inputs and one output.
An ideal op‑amp has infinite open‑loop gain, infinite input impedance, zero output impedance, and infinite bandwidth. In practice, it amplifies the voltage difference between its inverting (−) and non‑inverting (+) inputs. Example: Used in audio preamplifiers to boost a weak microphone signal.
Inverting Amplifier Configuration
A circuit where the input signal is applied to the inverting (−) input through a resistor, with feedback from output to inverting input.
The output voltage is inverted (180° phase shift) and given by Vout = -RfRin Vin . The non‑inverting input is grounded. The gain is determined solely by external resistors, making it stable and predictable. Example: A sensor signal conditioner that needs to invert and scale a voltage.
Source: Idasara knowledge pack — english/AL_SCIENCE/physics v19, short_notes: Lesson 9.6 - Operational Amplifiers (Op‑Amps)
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