O/L Science

Grade 11 — Term 1

Aligned with NIE syllabus

This term in the Idasara Academy app has 4 lessons (NIE Units 3, 5, 6, 8). For each lesson, this page gives you the points you must know and one exam-style question with its answer. None of it needs an account.

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Lessons in This Term

Chemical Compounds and Equations

NIE Unit 3

What you must know

  • Exothermic: releases heat (combustion, neutralisation); ΔH < 0
  • Endothermic: absorbs heat (thermal decomposition); ΔH > 0
  • Activation energy: minimum energy needed to start reaction
  • Collision theory: reaction occurs when particles collide with sufficient energy

Acids, Bases, pH and Salts

NIE Unit 5

What you must know

  • HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O (key equation)
  • Indicators: litmus (red=acid, blue=alkali), universal indicator, phenolphthalein
  • Stomach acid: pH ~2 (HCl); baking soda: pH ~8–9
  • Strong acids: HCl, H₂SO₄, HNO₃; weak acids: citric, acetic

Hydrocarbons and Organic Compounds

NIE Unit 6

What you must know

  • Functional groups: -OH (alcohols), -COOH (carboxylic acids), -COO- (esters)
  • Ethanol (C₂H₅OH): fermentation: C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2C₂H₅OH + 2CO₂
  • Polymers: many monomers joined; polyethylene from ethene; addition polymerisation
  • Homologous series: same functional group, differ by CH₂; trends in properties

Current, Voltage, Resistance and Ohm's Law

NIE Unit 8

What you must know

  • Power: P = IV = I²R = V²/R; unit = Watt (W)
  • Series: same I throughout; V_total = V₁ + V₂; R_total = R₁ + R₂
  • Parallel: same V across branches; I_total = I₁ + I₂; 1/R_total = 1/R₁ + 1/R₂
  • Household wiring = parallel (each appliance gets full voltage)
  • Fuse/circuit breaker: protects circuit from excess current

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